Browsing Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Sciences by Issue Date
Now showing items 1-20 of 632
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Drivers of increased soil erosion in East Africa’s agro-pastoral systems: changing interactions between the social, economic and natural domains
(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 19-06-18)Increased soil erosion is one of the main drivers of land degradation in East Africa’s agricultural and pastoral landscapes. This wicked problem is rooted in historic disruptions to co-adapted agro-pastoral systems. ... -
Wastewater Treatment and other Research Initiatives with Vetiver Grass
(University of Dar es Salaam, 2003)This paper described the role of substrate (soil) with respect to the type of macrophytes (plants) planted in the wastewater treatment in Horizontal Subsurface Flow (HSSF) Constructed wetlands (CWs). Wastewater parameters ... -
Theoretical study of the structure and stability of the Na2Cl+, NaCl 2−, Na3Cl 2+, and Na2Cl 3− ions
(Springer Nature Switzerland AG., 2007-11)The geometrical parameters, normal vibration frequencies, and thermochemical characteristics of the Na2Cl+, NaCl 2−, Na3Cl 2+, and Na2Cl 3− ions in saturated vapors over sodium chloride were calculated by the ab initio ... -
Calculation of the Thermodynamic Characteristics of Ions in Vapor over Sodium Fluoride
(Springer Nature Switzerland AG., 2008-01)The geometric parameters, normal vibration frequencies, and thermochemical characteristics of the ions present in vapor over sodium fluoride, Na2F+, Na3F 2+, NaF 2−, and Na2F 3−, were calculated ab initio by the Hartree-Fock ... -
Innovations and Sustainability: The Case of Improved Biomass Stoves' Adoption and Use in Tanzania
(Lund, Sweden – Spring, 2009)The adoption and continued use of improved stoves in the developing countries is of social, economic and environmental concern. In most developing countries, biomass-based energy accounts for more than 90% of all household ... -
Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Porous Products by Selective Laser Sintering
(Scientific.Net, 2009-10)Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a rapid prototyping technique which is used to manufacture plastic and metal models. The porosity of the final product obtained by SLS can be controlled by changing the energy density ... -
Structural and thermodynamic characteristics of ionic associates in vapors over sodium bromide and iodide
(Nature Switzerland AG., 2010-05-16)Nonempirical methods are used to calculate the geometric parameters, the frequencies of normal vibrations, and thermochemical characteristics of ions existing in saturated vapors over sodium bromide and iodide: Na2X+, NaX ... -
Small Scale Fisheries Management: Lessons from Cockle Harvesters in Nicaragua and Tanzania
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2010-06-01)The role of women in gleaning fisheries tends to be underestimated and poorly documented although they play an important role in coastal food security and income generation. This article describes two initiatives for ... -
Influence of aging conditions on textural properties of water-glass-based silica aerogels prepared at ambient pressure
(Springer US, 2010-06-04)The experimental results of aging time and temperature on the textural properties of water-glass (sodium silicate)-based silica aerogels are reported and discussed. Aging of the hydrogel for different times and temperatures led ... -
Leguminous cover crops differentially affect maize yields in three contrasting soil types of Kakamega, Western Kenya
(Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics (JARTS), 2011)Maize production in smallholder farming systems in Kenya is largely limited by low soil fertility. As mineral fertilizer is expensive, green manuring using leguminous cover crops could be an alternative strategy for farmers ... -
Experimental Investigations of Oxidation Stability of Biodiesel Produced from Manketti Seeds Oil (Schinziophyton rautanenii)
(ACS Publications, 2011-04-12)In this study, biodiesel from Manketti seeds oil (Schinziophyton rautanenii) was investigated to determine its suitability for use as a petrodiesel substitute. The fuel-related properties of Manketti oil methyl ester (MOME) ... -
Impact of antioxidant additives on the oxidation stability of biodiesel produced from Croton Megalocarpus oil
(Elsevier Ltd., 2011-06)The increase in crude petroleum prices, limited resources of fossil fuels and environmental concerns have led to the search of alternative fuels, which promise a harmonious correlation with sustainable development, energy ... -
Understanding the Emergence and Functioning of River Committees in a Catchment of the Pangani Basin, Tanzania
(Water Alternatives, 2011-06)In this paper we explore the emergence and functioning of river committees (RCs) in Tanzania, which are local water management structures that allocate and solve water conflict between different water users (smallholder ... -
Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 gas at Sn based gas diffusion electrode
(Elsevier B.V., 2011-07-01)The tin (Sn) based gas diffusion electrode was fabricated and applied for CO2 electroreduction in a zero gap cell. The fabrication was done by electrodeposition from a simple citrateechloride plating solution by chrono ... -
Engine performance, exhaust emissions and combustion characteristics of a CI engine fuelled with croton megalocarpus methyl ester with antioxidant
(Elsevier Ltd., 2011-08)The use of biodiesel as a substitute for petroleum-based diesel has become of great interest for the reasons of combating the destruction of the environment, the price of petroleum-based diesel and dependency on foreign ... -
Water allocation and management in an emerging spate irrigation system in Makanya catchment, Tanzania
(Elsevier, 2011-09)Although spate irrigation systems are risk-prone, they can be an important component for livelihood security in semi-arid areas. Spate uses water (flood water), which upstream users often do not require, as rainfall during ... -
Pangani River Basin over time and space: On the interface of local and basin level responses
(Elsevier, 2011-09)As the pressure on the water resources mounts within a river basin, institutional innovation may occur not as a result of a planned sequence of adjustments, but arising out of the interplay of several factors. By focusing ... -
Theoretical Study of Structure, Vibration Spectra and Thermodynamic Properties of Cluster Ions in Vapors over Potassium, Rubidium and Cesium Chlorides
(Springer Nature Switzerland AG., 2011-10-04)The geometrical structure, the frequencies of normal vibrations, and the thermodynamic characteristics of tri- and pentaatomic cluster ions M2Cl+, MCl 2 − , M3Cl 2 + , and M2Cl 3 − (M = K, Rb, or Cs) existing in saturated ... -
Evaluation of the Oxidation Stability of Biodiesel Produced from Moringa oleifera Oil
(ACS Publications, 2011-10-19)Biodiesel is considered as an alternative fuel to petroleum-based conventional diesel fuel. Dependent upon the raw material, biodiesel can contain more or less unsaturated fatty acids in its composition, which are susceptible ... -
Integrated Process for Sustainable Agro-process Waste Treatment and Climate Change Mitigation in Eastern Africa
(International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), 2011-11)Eastern Africa countries are faced with similar development challenges including high population growth rate, low agricultural productivity, increasing number of agro-processing industries, pollution and contamination ...
